Intaglio printing is done from ink that is below the plate surface. Printing surface or plate can be copper, zinc, aluminum, magnesium, plastics or even coated paper, into which the design is cut, scratched or etched. The printing ink is rubbed into the incisions or grooves, and the surface is wiped clean. Unlike surface printing, intaglio printing-which is actually a process of embossing the paper into the incised lines-requires considerable pressure.

Intaglio processes are probably the most versatile of the printmaking methods, as various techniques can produce a wide range of effects. This feature of the technology provides relief of images that stands out above the surface of the paper. Relief effect is used as an additional protective element for banknotes and security forms printing.